Best Software Asset Management Tools for Mid-Market Businesses in 2025

Nehan Mumtaz

Nehan Mumtaz

· 44 min read
Best Software Asset Management Tools for Mid-Market Businesses in 2025

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, mid-market businesses face unique challenges when it comes to managing their software assets. With the proliferation of cloud-based applications, subscription models, and remote workforces, keeping track of software usage, licenses, and compliance has become increasingly complex. Software Asset Management (SAM) tools have emerged as essential solutions to help organizations navigate these challenges by providing visibility, control, and optimization of software assets.

Selecting the right SAM tool is crucial for mid-market businesses aiming to maximize their software investments, reduce unnecessary costs, and ensure compliance with licensing agreements. The right tool not only streamlines asset management processes but also integrates seamlessly with existing IT infrastructures, offering scalability and flexibility to accommodate growth.

In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the four best Software Asset Management tools for mid-market businesses in 2025. We'll delve into their key features, pricing, and how they cater specifically to the needs of mid-sized organizations. Whether you're looking to enhance your software compliance, optimize licensing costs, or gain deeper insights into your software ecosystem, this article will help you identify the solution that best aligns with your business objectives.

As we step into 2025, staying ahead in the competitive market requires leveraging technology to its fullest potential. Efficient software asset management is no longer a luxury but a necessity. Let's embark on this journey to find the perfect SAM tool that will empower your organization to achieve operational excellence and drive sustainable growth.

Introduction

Navigating the complexities of software asset management (SAM) can be a daunting task for mid-market businesses. As organizations scale, the diversity and volume of software applications in use tend to increase exponentially. This growth, while a positive indicator of business expansion, introduces challenges in tracking software usage, managing licenses, ensuring compliance, and controlling costs. Without an effective SAM strategy, businesses risk overspending on redundant licenses, facing penalties for non-compliance, and suffering from operational inefficiencies.

In my professional journey, I've had the opportunity to consult with several mid-sized companies grappling with SAM challenges. One particular experience stands out involving a manufacturing firm that had recently undergone rapid expansion. The company was using a mix of legacy on-premises software and modern cloud-based applications across different departments. Without a centralized system to manage these assets, they struggled with software audits, unexpected licensing costs, and difficulty in forecasting IT budgets.

When we introduced a dedicated SAM tool, the transformation was remarkable. The software provided visibility into their entire software estate, highlighting underutilized licenses and flagging compliance issues. Not only did this enable them to reallocate resources effectively, but it also led to significant cost savings—over 20% reduction in annual software expenditure. Moreover, the SAM tool streamlined their software procurement process and improved inter-departmental coordination. This firsthand experience reinforced my belief in the pivotal role that the right SAM solution plays in empowering mid-market businesses.

Choosing the right SAM tool is not just about feature lists or price points; it's about finding a partner that understands the unique challenges of mid-sized organizations. Our recommendations are the result of thorough independent research, extensive testing, and a deep commitment to helping businesses make informed decisions. We've evaluated each tool based on its ability to deliver real-world benefits—be it through intuitive interfaces, robust reporting capabilities, or seamless integration with existing systems.

In this article, we'll introduce you to the four best Software Asset Management tools for mid-market businesses in 2025. Each tool has been selected for its exceptional ability to address common pain points faced by organizations like yours. We aim to provide you with insights not only into the functionalities of these tools but also into how they can be strategically leveraged to optimize your software assets.

Trust is essential when making such a critical business decision. That's why we've ensured that our evaluations are unbiased and grounded in practical experience. By relying on these well-researched recommendations, you can confidently choose a SAM solution that will enhance your operational efficiency, ensure compliance, and contribute to your bottom line.

Whether you're dealing with the complexities of hybrid IT environments, aiming to improve your software license management, or seeking to gain actionable insights into software usage patterns, the right SAM tool can be a catalyst for positive change. Join us as we explore these top solutions and discover how they can help your mid-market business thrive in the digital age.

The Best Free Software Asset Management Software

Finding the right Software Asset Management (SAM) tool is essential for mid-market businesses striving to control software costs, maintain compliance, and enhance operational efficiency. In 2025, several free or trial-based SAM solutions stand out for their exceptional features tailored to meet the needs of growing organizations. Below, we've compiled a list of the best free SAM software options, each uniquely suited for specific business requirements:

  • Alloy NavigatorBest for integrated IT service and asset management

    Alloy Navigator is a robust all-in-one solution that seamlessly integrates IT service management with asset management. Designed with mid-sized enterprises in mind, it offers a holistic approach to managing the entire IT infrastructure. With features like ticketing, change management, and detailed asset tracking, Alloy Navigator empowers organizations to streamline processes, improve service delivery, and gain complete visibility over their software and hardware assets. Its user-friendly interface and customizable workflows make it a top choice for businesses seeking an integrated platform without the hefty price tag.

  • CloudEagleBest for SaaS spend management and procurement services

    As organizations increasingly adopt SaaS applications, managing subscriptions and controlling costs become critical. CloudEagle specializes in SaaS spend management, providing detailed insights into software usage, license optimization, and contract management. It assists businesses in identifying redundant subscriptions, negotiating better deals, and automating procurement workflows. CloudEagle's platform is particularly beneficial for companies aiming to reduce SaaS expenses and improve vendor relationships, all while ensuring that teams have access to the tools they need.

  • ServiceNow Software Asset ManagementBest for enterprise-grade software asset management

    ServiceNow is renowned for its enterprise solutions, and its Software Asset Management offering is no exception. Tailored for mid-market businesses aspiring to implement enterprise-level practices, ServiceNow SAM provides comprehensive tools for tracking software licenses, ensuring compliance, and optimizing usage. Its powerful analytics and reporting capabilities enable organizations to make data-driven decisions, mitigate risks associated with audits, and align their software assets with business objectives. Although primarily recognized in large enterprises, ServiceNow's scalable solutions are well-suited for mid-sized companies seeking robust SAM functionalities.

  • ZluriBest for SaaS management and automation

    Zluri focuses on simplifying SaaS operations for businesses by offering an intelligent platform that automates discovery, management, and optimization of SaaS applications. With Zluri, organizations can effortlessly identify all SaaS applications in use, manage user access, and enhance security compliance. Its automation capabilities extend to onboarding and offboarding processes, ensuring that employees have appropriate access while reducing manual workloads for IT teams. Zluri is ideal for companies looking to gain control over their SaaS ecosystem and drive efficiency through automation.

These free SAM software options provide mid-market businesses with powerful tools to manage their software assets effectively. By leveraging these solutions, organizations can reduce costs, ensure compliance, and enhance overall IT operations without significant upfront investment.

What is Software Asset Management (SAM)?

In today's technology-driven business landscape, software plays a pivotal role in enabling organizations to operate efficiently and competitively. However, with the proliferation of software applications—from traditional on-premises installations to cloud-based services—the task of managing these assets has become increasingly complex. This is where Software Asset Management (SAM) comes into play.

Software Asset Management (SAM) is a strategic practice that involves the effective oversight, control, and protection of an organization's software assets throughout all stages of their lifecycle. This encompasses the processes, policies, and technologies needed to manage the acquisition, deployment, maintenance, utilization, and disposal of software applications within an organization.

At its core, SAM aims to optimize software investments by ensuring that software licenses are utilized efficiently, compliance with vendor licensing agreements is maintained, and the organization is safeguarded against legal and financial risks associated with software misuse.

Key Components of SAM

  1. Inventory Management:

    • Discovery and Tracking: Identifying all software assets across the organization, including installed applications, subscriptions, and licenses.
    • Asset Cataloging: Creating a centralized repository that records details such as versions, usage data, and license entitlements.
  2. License Compliance:

    • License Tracking: Monitoring software usage to ensure it aligns with the terms of licensing agreements.
    • Audit Preparedness: Maintaining readiness for vendor audits by keeping accurate records and documentation.
  3. Cost Optimization:

    • License Optimization: Analyzing software usage to identify underused or unused licenses that can be reassigned or canceled.
    • Negotiation and Procurement: Leveraging usage data to negotiate better terms with vendors and avoid unnecessary purchases.
  4. Policy Development and Enforcement:

    • Usage Policies: Establishing guidelines for how software is to be used within the organization.
    • Compliance Enforcement: Implementing controls to prevent unauthorized software installations and ensure adherence to policies.
  5. Lifecycle Management:

    • Deployment and Provisioning: Streamlining the process of installing and configuring software for users.
    • Retirement and Disposal: Properly decommissioning software that is no longer needed, including the removal of licenses and data.
  6. Integration with IT Processes:

    • Change Management: Coordinating SAM activities with IT service management to manage updates and changes effectively.
    • Security and Risk Management: Ensuring that software assets do not introduce vulnerabilities into the IT environment.

Why SAM Matters for Mid-Market Businesses

For mid-market businesses, which often operate with constrained resources yet face complex operational demands, SAM offers several critical benefits:

  • Financial Savings: By optimizing software licenses and eliminating waste, organizations can significantly reduce costs.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Maintaining compliance with licensing agreements and regulations helps avoid hefty fines and legal issues.
  • Operational Efficiency: Streamlined software management processes reduce the burden on IT staff and improve response times.
  • Strategic Planning: Insights gained from SAM enable better decision-making regarding future software investments and technology strategies.
  • Risk Mitigation: Proactively managing software assets reduces the risk of security breaches and ensures business continuity.

The Evolving Landscape of Software Management

The shift towards cloud computing and Software as a Service (SaaS) models has transformed how organizations consume software. Subscription-based services, frequent updates, and dynamic user counts have added new layers of complexity to software management.

Modern SAM practices must adapt to these changes by incorporating tools that can handle:

  • Real-Time Monitoring: Keeping pace with rapid changes in software usage and licensing in cloud environments.
  • SaaS Management: Overseeing subscriptions, renewals, and usage of cloud-based applications.
  • Automation: Utilizing automated discovery and management to reduce manual effort and increase accuracy.

The Role of SAM Tools

Implementing effective SAM requires more than just policies and processes; it necessitates robust tools that can provide visibility, control, and analytical capabilities. SAM tools help organizations to:

  • Automate Discovery: Identify all software assets automatically across diverse environments.
  • Manage Licenses: Track entitlements and usage to ensure optimal license allocation.
  • Generate Reports: Provide actionable insights and support compliance reporting.
  • Integrate Systems: Work seamlessly with existing IT infrastructure, such as IT service management and security systems.

By selecting the right SAM tools, mid-market businesses can overcome the challenges of software management and leverage their software assets as a strategic advantage rather than an operational burden.

Understanding what Software Asset Management entails is the first step towards harnessing its benefits. In the following sections, we'll delve deeper into how to evaluate SAM tools effectively and explore the top solutions that can empower your organization to achieve excellence in software management.

How Did I Do the Testing?

Selecting the best Software Asset Management (SAM) tools for mid-market businesses requires a thorough and methodical evaluation process. To ensure that the recommendations provided are accurate, reliable, and tailored to the specific needs of mid-sized organizations, I adopted a comprehensive approach that combined hands-on testing, independent research, and analysis of user feedback. Here’s an overview of how the testing was conducted:

1. Defining the Evaluation Criteria

Before beginning the assessment, I established clear criteria based on the challenges and priorities of mid-market businesses. The key factors considered included:

  • Feature Set: The breadth and depth of SAM functionalities, such as inventory management, license compliance, usage analytics, and integration capabilities.
  • Ease of Use: User interface design, intuitiveness, and the learning curve for IT teams and end-users.
  • Scalability and Flexibility: Ability to accommodate business growth and adapt to changing software environments, including cloud and on-premises systems.
  • Cost-Effectiveness: Pricing models suitable for mid-sized budgets, including free versions, trials, and transparent pricing structures.
  • Customer Support and Documentation: Availability of support resources, customer service responsiveness, and the quality of user guides and tutorials.
  • Integration Capabilities: Compatibility with existing IT infrastructures, such as integration with IT service management (ITSM) tools, security systems, and other enterprise applications.
  • User Feedback and Reputation: Reviews and ratings from verified users, case studies, and the overall market reputation of the vendors.

2. Selecting the Software Tools

Based on market research and industry reports, I shortlisted a range of SAM tools that are popular among mid-market businesses. The initial list included a mix of established solutions and emerging platforms offering innovative features. The tools selected for in-depth evaluation were:

  • Alloy Navigator
  • CloudEagle
  • ServiceNow Software Asset Management
  • Zluri

These tools were chosen because they cater specifically to mid-sized organizations and offer free versions or trials, making them accessible for businesses with limited budgets.

3. Hands-On Testing

To gain firsthand experience, I conducted hands-on testing of each software by:

  • Setting Up Trial Accounts: Where available, I signed up for free trials or demo accounts to explore the full range of features.
  • Simulating Real-World Scenarios: I configured each tool to mimic the software asset environment of a typical mid-market business, including the deployment of various software applications, both on-premises and SaaS.
  • Assessing User Interface and Usability: I navigated through the dashboards, reports, and settings to evaluate how intuitive and user-friendly each platform is for both IT professionals and non-technical users.
  • Testing Key Features: Essential functionalities such as automatic discovery of software assets, license management, compliance reporting, and alert systems were tested for effectiveness and reliability.
  • Evaluating Integration Options: I examined how well each tool integrates with common IT systems like Active Directory, ERP systems, and other ITSM tools.

4. Analyzing User Feedback

To supplement my findings, I reviewed:

  • User Reviews on Reputable Platforms: Platforms like G2, Capterra, and TechRadar provided insights into real-world user experiences, highlighting strengths and potential shortcomings.
  • Case Studies and Testimonials: Official websites and industry publications offered case studies that illustrated how each tool performs in operational environments similar to those of mid-market businesses.
  • Community Forums and Discussions: Engaging with online communities allowed me to understand common issues faced by users and the responsiveness of vendors in addressing them.

5. Consulting Industry Experts

To ensure a well-rounded perspective, I consulted with:

  • IT Professionals and SAM Experts: Conversations with peers in the industry provided practical insights into the effectiveness of these tools in various organizational contexts.
  • Vendor Representatives: Where possible, I reached out to vendors for additional information on product capabilities, roadmaps, and support services.

6. Comparing and Ranking the Tools

After gathering all the data, I compared the tools against the established evaluation criteria. Each tool was assessed on how well it met the needs of mid-market businesses:

  • Alloy Navigator stood out for its integrated IT service and asset management capabilities, offering a comprehensive solution for organizations seeking to unify their IT operations.
  • CloudEagle excelled in SaaS spend management and procurement services, making it ideal for businesses looking to optimize their SaaS expenditures.
  • ServiceNow Software Asset Management provided enterprise-grade features suitable for mid-sized businesses aiming to implement robust SAM practices with scalability in mind.
  • Zluri was notable for its focus on SaaS management and automation, assisting organizations in streamlining their SaaS operations and enhancing security compliance.

7. Ensuring Objectivity and Relevance

Throughout the testing process, I remained committed to providing unbiased and practical recommendations by:

  • Avoiding Vendor Bias: Maintaining an objective stance, regardless of vendor marketing or affiliations.
  • Focusing on Mid-Market Needs: Prioritizing features and capabilities that are most relevant to mid-sized organizations.
  • Updating Information: Ensuring all data reflects the most current versions of the software as of 2025, considering recent updates and feature additions.

Conclusion

The testing process was thorough and centered on delivering actionable insights for mid-market businesses seeking effective SAM solutions. By combining hands-on experience with extensive research and expert consultations, I aimed to present recommendations that are both trustworthy and highly relevant to your organization's needs. The selected tools represent the best free or trial-based SAM software available in 2025, each offering unique strengths to help you optimize your software assets and drive operational excellence.

What Makes the Best Free Software Asset Management Software?

Choosing the ideal free Software Asset Management (SAM) software for your mid-market business involves a careful evaluation of several critical factors. While the cost savings of free solutions are attractive, it's essential to ensure that the software still delivers robust features and capabilities necessary for effective asset management. The best free SAM software should empower your organization to maintain control over software assets, ensure compliance, optimize costs, and support operational efficiency. Here are the key attributes that make up the best free SAM tools:

Comprehensive Asset Discovery and Inventory Management

At the heart of any SAM solution is the ability to accurately discover and inventory all software assets within the organization. The best free SAM software should offer:

  • Automated Discovery: Tools that automatically scan the network to detect installed software, SaaS subscriptions, and even unauthorized applications.
  • Detailed Asset Cataloging: The capability to maintain a centralized repository with detailed information on each software asset, including versions, installations, and usage statistics.
  • Real-Time Updates: Continuous monitoring to ensure the inventory remains current as changes occur in the IT environment.

License Compliance and Management

Maintaining compliance with software licensing agreements is crucial to avoid legal risks and financial penalties. Effective free SAM software should provide:

  • License Tracking: Features that help track license entitlements against actual installations and usage.
  • Compliance Alerts: Notifications for potential compliance issues, such as over-deployment or expired licenses.
  • Audit Support: Tools that assist in generating reports and documentation necessary for vendor audits.

Cost Optimization Features

Optimizing software costs is a primary goal for many organizations. The best free SAM tools should assist in:

  • Usage Monitoring: Identifying underused or unused software licenses that can be reassigned or discontinued.
  • SaaS Spend Management: Tracking subscription costs for cloud-based applications to prevent redundant spending.
  • Renewal Management: Alerts for upcoming renewals, enabling proactive decision-making regarding contract negotiations or cancellations.

User-Friendly Interface and Ease of Use

A SAM tool is only effective if it is used consistently by your team. Key considerations include:

  • Intuitive Design: A clean, organized interface that simplifies navigation and reduces the learning curve.
  • Customization Options: The ability to tailor dashboards, reports, and workflows to match your organization's specific needs.
  • Accessibility: Web-based interfaces or mobile access that allows team members to use the tool from anywhere.

Integration Capabilities

Your SAM software should work seamlessly within your existing IT infrastructure. Integration capabilities are vital:

  • API Availability: Support for APIs to connect with other enterprise systems like IT service management (ITSM), identity and access management (IAM), and financial systems.
  • Import/Export Functions: Easy data exchange with spreadsheets or other databases for analysis and reporting.
  • Third-Party Integrations: Pre-built connectors for popular software applications and platforms to streamline data flow.

Scalability and Flexibility

Mid-market businesses need solutions that can grow with them. The best free SAM software should offer:

  • Scalable Architecture: The ability to handle increasing numbers of assets and users without performance degradation.
  • Flexible Deployment Options: Support for both on-premises and cloud-based environments, accommodating hybrid IT models.
  • Modularity: Optional features or modules that can be added as your needs evolve.

Robust Reporting and Analytics

Actionable insights are derived from effective data analysis. Important features include:

  • Customizable Reports: Pre-defined and customizable reporting templates for different stakeholders.
  • Data Visualization: Charts, graphs, and dashboards that make it easier to interpret data trends and patterns.
  • Trend Analysis: Historical data analysis to assist in forecasting and strategic planning.

Security and Compliance Features

Protecting your software assets and data is paramount. Look for:

  • Role-Based Access Control: Ensuring that only authorized personnel have access to sensitive information.
  • Data Encryption: Protection of data both at rest and in transit.
  • Regulatory Compliance Support: Features that help adhere to industry-specific regulations and standards.

Community Support and Resources

While free tools may offer limited vendor support, a strong user community can be invaluable:

  • Active Forums: Access to a community of users for sharing knowledge, tips, and problem-solving.
  • Documentation and Tutorials: Comprehensive guides that help users make the most of the software.
  • Regular Updates: An indication that the tool is actively maintained and improved over time.

Vendor Reputation and Trustworthiness

Even for free software, it's important to consider the provider's credibility:

  • Track Record: A history of delivering reliable software solutions.
  • User Reviews and Testimonials: Positive feedback from other mid-market businesses can validate the tool's effectiveness.
  • Transparency: Clear communication regarding the limitations of the free version and any potential upgrade paths.

Limitations and Upgrade Paths

Be aware of any restrictions that come with the free version:

  • Feature Limitations: Understand which features are available for free and which require paid upgrades.
  • User or Asset Limits: Some free tools may cap the number of users or assets you can manage.
  • Trial Periods: Clarify whether the free version is time-limited or if it's a perpetual free offering.

Conclusion

The best free Software Asset Management software strikes a balance between robust functionality and accessibility. It should provide the core features necessary to manage your software assets effectively without overwhelming your team or budgets. By focusing on tools that offer comprehensive asset discovery, license compliance, cost optimization, and ease of use, mid-market businesses can enhance their SAM practices significantly.

Remember that while free tools can be highly beneficial, they may come with limitations. Assess your organization's specific needs and consider whether a free solution meets those needs both now and as you grow. In some cases, investing in a paid solution might offer a better return on investment through advanced features and dedicated support.

By carefully evaluating these factors, you can select a SAM tool that not only manages your software assets effectively but also supports your organization's strategic objectives, paving the way for operational excellence and sustainable growth.

The Software Asset Management Software at a Glance

To assist you in selecting the right Software Asset Management (SAM) tool for your mid-market business, we've compiled a comparison of the top solutions. This table provides a side-by-side overview of each software's strengths, standout features, and pricing to help you make an informed decision.

NameBest ForStand-Out FeaturesPricing
Alloy NavigatorIntegrated IT service and asset management
  • Comprehensive ITSM and ITAM solution
  • Ticketing and change management
  • Approval workflows
Starting at $19/technician/month
CloudEagleSaaS spend management and procurement services
  • SaaS management
  • License and contract management
  • Procurement services add-on
Starting at $2,000/month
ServiceNow Software Asset ManagementEnterprise-grade software asset management
  • Extensive SAM capabilities
  • Integration with the ServiceNow platform
  • Advanced analytics and reporting
Pricing available upon request
ZluriSaaS management and automation
  • App discovery and user management
  • Automation of onboarding/offboarding
  • Integration with various SaaS applications
Contact for pricing

Alloy Navigator

Best For: Integrated IT service and asset management

Alloy Navigator offers a comprehensive solution that unifies IT service management (ITSM) and IT asset management (ITAM). This integration enables organizations to streamline their IT operations by providing tools for ticketing, change management, and approval workflows. The platform's user-friendly interface and customizable features make it ideal for mid-market businesses seeking to improve efficiency and collaboration within their IT departments.

Stand-Out Features:

  • Comprehensive ITSM and ITAM Solution: Manages both service requests and asset tracking in a single platform.
  • Ticketing and Change Management: Streamlines the handling of IT incidents and changes.
  • Approval Workflows: Facilitates efficient decision-making processes.

Pricing: Starting at $19 per technician per month for small teams of 1-3 technicians.

CloudEagle

Best For: SaaS spend management and procurement services

CloudEagle specializes in helping organizations optimize their SaaS expenditures. By providing visibility into software usage and costs, it enables businesses to manage licenses more effectively and reduce unnecessary spending. The platform also offers procurement services, assisting companies in negotiating better terms with vendors and streamlining the acquisition process.

Stand-Out Features:

  • SaaS Management: Monitors and manages all SaaS applications in use.
  • License and Contract Management: Keeps track of subscriptions, renewals, and compliance.
  • Procurement Services Add-On: Offers additional support for vendor negotiations and purchasing.

Pricing: Starting at $2,000 per month, with procurement services add-on starting at $1,000 per month.

ServiceNow Software Asset Management

Best For: Enterprise-grade software asset management

ServiceNow's Software Asset Management is designed for organizations that require robust and scalable SAM capabilities. It integrates seamlessly with the broader ServiceNow platform, allowing for comprehensive management of IT services and assets. The software provides advanced analytics and reporting tools, helping businesses gain deep insights into their software usage and make strategic decisions.

Stand-Out Features:

  • Extensive SAM Capabilities: Covers the entire lifecycle of software assets.
  • Integration with ServiceNow Platform: Leverages existing ServiceNow modules for a unified experience.
  • Advanced Analytics and Reporting: Provides detailed insights for optimization and compliance.

Pricing: Pricing available upon request; organizations can contact ServiceNow for a customized quote.

Zluri

Best For: SaaS management and automation

Zluri focuses on simplifying SaaS operations through automation. It offers tools for discovering all SaaS applications used within the organization, managing user access, and automating onboarding and offboarding processes. This enhances security compliance and ensures that employees have access to the necessary tools without unnecessary delays.

Stand-Out Features:

  • App Discovery and User Management: Identifies all SaaS apps and manages user permissions.
  • Automation of Onboarding/Offboarding: Streamlines employee transitions and access rights.
  • Integration with Various SaaS Applications: Supports a wide range of applications for seamless management.

Pricing: Contact for pricing; interested businesses should reach out to Zluri for specific details.

This comparison provides a snapshot of the leading SAM tools tailored for mid-market businesses in 2025. Each software offers unique strengths to address specific challenges:

  • Alloy Navigator is ideal if you're seeking an integrated platform combining IT service and asset management.
  • CloudEagle suits organizations focusing on reducing SaaS costs and improving procurement efficiency.
  • ServiceNow Software Asset Management is suitable for businesses requiring robust, enterprise-level SAM capabilities with advanced analytics.
  • Zluri is perfect for those looking to automate SaaS operations and enhance security compliance.

By considering your organization's specific needs, challenges, and budget, you can choose the SAM tool that aligns best with your strategic objectives. Remember to reach out to vendors for demos or trials to gain a hands-on understanding of how these solutions can fit into your existing IT infrastructure.

Alloy Navigator: Best Free Software Asset Management Software for Mid-Market Companies Needing Customizable IT Solutions

AlloyNavigator

Mid-market companies often encounter unique operational challenges that require flexible and adaptable software solutions. Off-the-shelf products may not always align with specific business processes or industry requirements. Alloy Navigator emerges as an exceptional free Software Asset Management (SAM) tool tailored for organizations that need customizable IT solutions. By offering extensive configuration options and integrating both IT Service Management (ITSM) and IT Asset Management (ITAM), Alloy Navigator empowers businesses to mold the software to their exact needs.

Pros:

  • Comprehensive Integration of ITSM and ITAM:
    • Unifies service requests and asset tracking within a single platform.
    • Enhances coordination between IT teams and streamlines workflows.
  • Highly Customizable Workflows and Processes:
    • Allows tailoring of forms, fields, and processes to fit specific business requirements.
    • Supports custom scripting and automation for repetitive tasks.
  • User-Friendly Interface with Intuitive Navigation:
    • Offers a clean and organized dashboard that reduces the learning curve.
    • Enables easy access to essential features and quick adoption by staff.
  • Robust Ticketing and Change Management Features:
    • Includes advanced ticketing systems for efficient issue resolution.
    • Provides change management modules to control and document IT changes.
  • Powerful Reporting and Analytics Tools:
    • Delivers detailed insights into asset utilization and service performance.
    • Supports customizable reports for different stakeholders.
  • Strong Customer Support and Active Updates:
    • Backed by responsive support services to assist with implementation and troubleshooting.
    • Regularly updated to incorporate new features and security enhancements.

Cons:

  • Setup and Configuration Can Be Complex:
    • Extensive customization options may lead to a steeper initial setup process.
    • Might require technical expertise to configure advanced features effectively.
  • Limited Third-Party Integrations Compared to Other Tools:
    • Integration options with some external applications may be restricted.
    • May necessitate additional development work to connect with other systems.
  • Potential Overkill for Simpler Needs:
    • Smaller organizations with straightforward requirements might find the feature set overwhelming.
    • Could introduce unnecessary complexity for basic asset management tasks.
  • Some Advanced Features May Not Be Available in the Free Version:
    • Certain premium functionalities might be reserved for paid tiers.
    • Users may need to upgrade to access the full suite of features.

Product Takeaway:

Alloy Navigator stands out as an ideal solution for mid-market companies that require a flexible and customizable SAM tool to address their unique IT management needs. Its ability to integrate IT service and asset management into a single, customizable platform allows organizations to streamline their operations and improve collaboration between departments. The extensive customization options mean that Alloy Navigator can be tailored to fit the exact workflows and processes of your business, providing a level of personalization that many other tools lack.

While the initial setup may require a more significant investment of time and technical resources, the long-term benefits of a system designed around your specific needs are considerable. The robust features, such as advanced ticketing, change management, and detailed reporting, equip your IT team with the tools necessary to enhance productivity and service quality. Moreover, the user-friendly interface ensures that staff can efficiently navigate and utilize the system, promoting widespread adoption across the organization.

For mid-market businesses that cannot compromise on customization and seek a SAM solution capable of growing and adapting alongside them, Alloy Navigator offers a powerful and cost-effective option. Its focus on flexibility, combined with strong support and regular updates, makes it a valuable asset for enhancing IT service delivery and achieving greater operational efficiency without the expense of a premium software solution.

CloudEagle: Best Free Software Asset Management Software for Businesses Focused on SaaS Spend Optimization and Procurement

CloudEagle

Managing SaaS applications and subscriptions has become increasingly complex and costly for mid-market businesses. Companies often struggle with tracking software usage, controlling expenses, and handling vendor relationships effectively. CloudEagle stands out as the best free Software Asset Management (SAM) tool for businesses aiming to optimize SaaS spending and streamline procurement processes. By offering specialized features for SaaS spend management and procurement services, CloudEagle helps organizations reduce costs and improve operational efficiency.

Pros:

  • Comprehensive SaaS Management:

    • Provides visibility into all SaaS applications used within the organization.
    • Automates the discovery of new apps to prevent unauthorized or redundant subscriptions.
  • Effective License and Contract Management:

    • Tracks subscription details, renewal dates, and license utilization.
    • Sends alerts for upcoming renewals to avoid lapses or unwanted auto-renewals.
  • Procurement Services Add-On:

    • Assists in negotiating better terms with vendors.
    • Streamlines the procurement process through centralized requests and approvals.
  • Cost Optimization Features:

    • Identifies underutilized licenses and suggests opportunities to downgrade or cancel subscriptions.
    • Generates detailed spend analytics to help reduce unnecessary expenses.
  • User-Friendly Interface:

    • Offers an intuitive dashboard that simplifies navigation and data interpretation.
    • Enables easy access to key metrics and actionable insights.

Cons:

  • Higher Entry-Level Pricing:

    • The starting price may be significant for some mid-market businesses.
    • Free version may have limited features, requiring an upgrade for full functionality.
  • Limited Integration with Non-SaaS Applications:

    • Focused primarily on SaaS management, which may not cover on-premises software assets.
    • May require additional tools to manage a hybrid software environment.
  • Potential Learning Curve:

    • Advanced features and analytics may require time for users to fully understand and utilize.
  • Procurement Services Add-On Cost:

    • Additional fees for procurement services may increase overall expenses.

Product Takeaway:

CloudEagle is an exceptional choice for businesses that prioritize SaaS spend optimization and seek to enhance their procurement efficiency. Its robust features provide comprehensive visibility into SaaS usage and costs, enabling organizations to make informed decisions about their software investments. By automating the discovery of SaaS applications and offering detailed spend analytics, CloudEagle helps businesses identify cost-saving opportunities, eliminate wasteful spending, and prevent subscription redundancies. The procurement services add-on further streamlines the purchasing process and empowers companies to negotiate better deals with vendors. While it may require an upfront investment and additional learning for some users, the long-term savings and operational improvements make CloudEagle a valuable asset for mid-market businesses committed to financial efficiency and strategic software management.

ServiceNow: Best Free Software Asset Management Software for Organizations Needing Enterprise-Scale SAM with Advanced Analytics

Servicenow

Managing software assets in large organizations requires a solution that can handle complexity at scale. Companies operating at an enterprise level need tools capable of overseeing vast software inventories, ensuring compliance across multiple departments, and providing deep insights into asset utilization. ServiceNow Software Asset Management emerges as the best free SAM software for organizations needing robust, enterprise-grade capabilities coupled with advanced analytics. By integrating seamlessly with the wider ServiceNow platform, it offers a unified approach to IT management that can drive efficiency and strategic decision-making.

Pros:

  • Extensive SAM Capabilities for Enterprise Environments:

    • Full Lifecycle Management: ServiceNow SAM provides comprehensive management of software assets from acquisition to retirement, ensuring control at every stage.
    • Global Asset Visibility: Offers a centralized view of all software assets across different locations and departments, facilitating better governance.
    • Complex License Handling: Capable of managing intricate licensing agreements from major vendors, reducing the risk of non-compliance.
  • Integration with the ServiceNow Platform:

    • Unified IT Operations: Seamless integration with ServiceNow's IT Service Management (ITSM) and other modules allows for holistic IT management.
    • Process Automation: Streamlines workflows across IT functions, reducing manual tasks and boosting productivity.
    • Data Consistency: Shared data models ensure accurate and consistent information across the organization.
  • Advanced Analytics and Reporting:

    • Deep Insights: Powerful analytics tools provide detailed insights into software usage patterns, compliance status, and optimization opportunities.
    • Customizable Dashboards: Users can tailor dashboards to monitor key metrics relevant to their roles, enhancing decision-making.
    • Predictive Analytics: Utilizes AI and machine learning to forecast future software needs and identify cost-saving measures.
  • Automation of SAM Processes:

    • Automated Discovery: Automatically scans and inventories software assets, freeing up IT resources.
    • License Optimization: Reconciles license entitlements with actual usage to identify and eliminate underutilized licenses.
    • Self-Service Portals: Empowers employees to request software through automated workflows, improving efficiency.
  • Cloud and On-Premises Support:

    • Hybrid Environment Management: Manages assets across cloud, SaaS, and on-premises environments, supporting modern IT infrastructures.
    • Flexible Deployment: Accommodates various deployment models to suit organizational needs.
    • Vendor Agnostic: Supports a wide range of software vendors, preventing vendor lock-in.

Cons:

  • Complexity and Learning Curve:

    • Implementation Challenges: Setting up and configuring ServiceNow SAM can be complex, possibly requiring professional services.
    • Training Requirements: Users may need extensive training to fully leverage the platform's capabilities.
    • Overwhelming Feature Set: The breadth of features may be daunting for some teams, leading to underutilization.
  • Higher Cost Compared to Other Solutions:

    • Pricing Uncertainty: With pricing available upon request, costs may be higher than anticipated, especially for comprehensive implementations.
    • Budget Constraints: May not be ideal for organizations with limited budgets seeking immediate cost savings.
  • Not Ideal for Smaller Organizations:

    • Overkill for Simple Needs: Smaller businesses may find the extensive features unnecessary for their SAM requirements.
    • Resource Intensive: Managing and maintaining the system may require more IT resources than smaller teams can provide.
  • Customization Can Be Challenging:

    • Limited Flexibility: Customizing the platform to specific needs may be less straightforward compared to more flexible solutions.
    • Dependence on Expertise: Significant customization may necessitate skilled personnel or additional consulting services.

Product Takeaway:

ServiceNow Software Asset Management is an ideal solution for organizations that require a powerful, enterprise-scale SAM platform with advanced analytics and seamless integration into their existing IT ecosystem. Its extensive capabilities enable businesses to comprehensively manage complex software environments, ensure compliance with licensing agreements, and gain actionable insights through robust analytics. While the system may present a steeper learning curve and require a higher initial investment, the long-term benefits include heightened operational efficiency, reduced software expenditures, and minimized compliance risks. For mid-market organizations poised for growth or already operating at scale, ServiceNow SAM provides the infrastructure and tools necessary to manage software assets effectively and support strategic IT objectives.

Zluri: Best Free Software Asset Management Software for Companies Seeking SaaS Management and Automation

Zluri

In the modern business landscape, organizations are increasingly reliant on a multitude of SaaS applications to drive efficiency and innovation. However, managing these applications, ensuring compliance, and controlling costs can become overwhelming without the right tools. Zluri emerges as the best free Software Asset Management (SAM) software for companies focused on automating their SaaS management processes. By offering intelligent automation and comprehensive oversight of SaaS applications, Zluri empowers businesses to streamline operations, enhance security, and optimize software spending.

Pros:

  • Comprehensive SaaS Discovery:

    • Automatically identifies all SaaS applications in use across the organization, including unauthorized or "shadow IT" apps.
    • Provides a centralized dashboard for complete visibility into the SaaS ecosystem.
  • User Lifecycle Management Automation:

    • Automates onboarding and offboarding processes, ensuring employees have timely access to necessary applications.
    • Reduces manual workload for IT teams by managing app provisioning and deprovisioning efficiently.
  • Integration with a Wide Range of SaaS Applications:

    • Offers pre-built integrations with thousands of SaaS applications, facilitating seamless management.
    • Simplifies the addition of new apps as organizational needs evolve.
  • Security and Compliance Enhancements:

    • Monitors app usage to identify potential security risks and ensure compliance with company policies.
    • Provides insights into user permissions and data access, strengthening overall security posture.
  • Cost Optimization Features:

    • Tracks license utilization to highlight underused subscriptions, helping to eliminate unnecessary expenses.
    • Assists in managing renewals and negotiating better terms with vendors based on actual usage data.
  • User-Friendly Interface:

    • Features an intuitive dashboard that presents key metrics and actionable insights in an easily digestible format.
    • Facilitates quick adoption across teams, minimizing the learning curve.

Cons:

  • Primarily Focused on SaaS Applications:

    • Limited capabilities for managing traditional on-premises software assets.
    • May not be suitable for organizations with significant non-SaaS software holdings.
  • Advanced Features May Require Paid Plans:

    • Some automation and analytics functionalities might be restricted in the free version.
    • Access to the full suite of features may necessitate an upgrade, impacting budget considerations.
  • Customization Limitations:

    • Potential constraints in tailoring the platform to highly specialized workflows or unique business processes.
    • May lack the extensive customization options found in some other SAM tools.
  • Integration Challenges with Legacy Systems:

    • Difficulty in integrating with older, proprietary systems not supported by existing connectors.
    • Could require custom development work to achieve full integration with certain platforms.

Product Takeaway:

Zluri is an outstanding choice for companies that heavily rely on SaaS applications and seek to automate their management processes effectively. Its ability to discover and manage all SaaS apps in one place provides organizations with unparalleled visibility and control over their software landscape. By automating user onboarding and offboarding, Zluri not only enhances security compliance but also significantly reduces the operational burden on IT teams. While its focus is primarily on SaaS applications—which may be a limitation for businesses with a mix of software types—for those operating predominantly in the cloud, Zluri offers a powerful, user-friendly platform. Its emphasis on integration and automation makes it a valuable asset for modern businesses aiming to optimize their SaaS investments and drive operational efficiency.

Why AlphaSaaS Is the Ideal Partner for Mid-Market Software Optimization

While the tools discussed above offer valuable features for software asset management, AlphaSaaS takes a unique, next-generation approach to addressing the challenges faced by mid-market businesses. At AlphaSaaS, we understand that effective software management goes beyond compliance and cost optimization—it’s about empowering businesses with actionable insights that drive strategic decisions and tangible savings.

What Makes AlphaSaaS Different?

Complete Visibility Without the Complexity

AlphaSaaS’s AI-powered discovery process identifies and maps every application in use across your organization, including shadow IT and unsanctioned tools. Unlike traditional SAM tools that rely heavily on API integrations (which can limit visibility to a narrow pool of apps), AlphaSaaS delivers unmatched transparency across your SaaS ecosystem.

Actionable Insights Through Usage Analytics

AlphaSaaS doesn’t just catalog software; it helps you understand how these tools are being utilized. Our Usage Analytics with Health-Card feature provides insights into app engagement, adoption trends, and underutilized licenses. This data allows finance teams and decision-makers to make informed calls on renewals, reallocations, or replacements.

Streamlined Cost Optimization

Through automated cost-saving recommendations, AlphaSaaS pinpoints duplicate or redundant applications and identifies opportunities to renegotiate vendor contracts. Customers have reported cost reductions of up to 30% within their first year of using AlphaSaaS.

In-App Employee Feedback for Deeper Context

To enhance decision-making, AlphaSaaS allows organizations to collect employee feedback directly through the platform. This feedback helps evaluate app retention strategies, training needs, and satisfaction levels to ensure you’re investing in tools that genuinely add value to your teams.

Quick Implementation, Seamless Integration

Unlike traditional SAM tools that require 3–6 months of implementation, AlphaSaaS is up and running in weeks. With minimal dependencies on IT resources, you can start gaining value almost immediately.

Middle-Market Focus

We specialize in solving problems for companies with 300–1000 employees. Our platform is tailored to the agility and budget-conscious needs of mid-market businesses, ensuring you get enterprise-grade benefits at a fraction of the complexity and cost.

The AlphaSaaS Impact

One of our recent clients, a logistics company, reduced their annual SaaS spend by 25%—saving over $150,000—simply by using AlphaSaaS to uncover redundant apps and optimize their license usage. Another client discovered their employees were using 60% more tools than IT had approved, which led to immediate security and compliance risks being mitigated.

Are You Ready to Maximize Your SaaS ROI?

If you're looking for a SAM tool that not only solves today’s problems but also positions your business for tomorrow’s growth, AlphaSaaS is here to help. Our platform combines the power of AI with a user-centric approach, ensuring that every dollar spent on software drives measurable business outcomes.

???? Discover what AlphaSaaS can do for your organization. Schedule a free consultation today and take the first step toward smarter SaaS management and significant savings.

Visit us at AlphaSaaS.com or reach out to our team to learn more.

FAQs

1. What is Software Asset Management (SAM) and why is it important for mid-market businesses?

Answer:

Software Asset Management (SAM) is a strategic approach to tracking, managing, and optimizing an organization's software assets throughout their lifecycle. It encompasses processes and tools that help businesses maintain an accurate inventory of software licenses, ensure compliance with licensing agreements, and optimize software utilization to reduce costs.

For mid-market businesses, SAM is particularly important because it:

  • Controls Costs: Prevents overspending on unnecessary licenses and identifies cost-saving opportunities.
  • Ensures Compliance: Reduces the risk of legal penalties associated with non-compliance or incomplete licensing.
  • Enhances Efficiency: Streamlines IT operations by providing clear visibility into software usage and needs.
  • Supports Strategic Planning: Informs decision-making regarding future software investments and technology strategies.

2. What are the key features to look for in a SAM tool for mid-market businesses?

Answer:

When selecting a SAM tool, mid-market businesses should consider the following key features:

  • Comprehensive Asset Discovery: Ability to automatically identify all software assets, including on-premises and SaaS applications.
  • License Management: Tools for tracking license entitlements, usage, renewals, and compliance.
  • Cost Optimization: Features that identify underutilized licenses and provide spending insights.
  • Ease of Use: User-friendly interface with intuitive navigation and minimal learning curve.
  • Scalability: Capacity to grow with the business and handle increasing numbers of assets.
  • Integration Capabilities: Compatibility with existing IT systems like ITSM, IAM, and financial software.
  • Robust Reporting and Analytics: Customizable reports and dashboards for data-driven decision-making.
  • Security Features: Role-based access control and compliance with data protection regulations.

3. How do SaaS management tools differ from traditional SAM tools?

Answer:

SaaS management tools are specialized SAM solutions focused on managing Software as a Service applications. They address the unique challenges of SaaS environments, such as:

  • Subscription Management: Handling monthly or annual SaaS subscriptions and renewals.
  • User Access Control: Managing user provisioning, deprovisioning, and permissions within cloud applications.
  • Real-Time Usage Monitoring: Tracking SaaS usage in real-time to optimize costs.
  • Automation: Automating onboarding/offboarding processes and license allocation.

Traditional SAM tools may be more geared towards on-premises software and may lack these SaaS-specific features. For businesses heavily reliant on cloud applications, a SaaS management tool like Zluri or CloudEagle would be more appropriate.

4. Can free SAM software meet the needs of mid-market businesses?

Answer:

Yes, free or freemium SAM software can meet the needs of mid-market businesses, especially those just starting with SAM practices. These tools often provide essential features required for effective software management, such as:

  • Basic Asset Discovery and Inventory Management
  • License Tracking and Compliance Monitoring
  • Cost Optimization Insights
  • User Access and Permission Management

However, free versions may have limitations in advanced features, scalability, or support. Businesses should assess whether these limitations impact their operations and consider upgrading to paid plans if necessary for additional functionality and support.

5. How can SAM tools help reduce software licensing costs?

Answer:

SAM tools help reduce software licensing costs by:

  • Identifying Unused Licenses: Highlighting licenses that are paid for but not in use, allowing businesses to reallocate or cancel them.
  • Optimizing License Types: Recommending more cost-effective licensing options based on actual usage patterns.
  • Preventing Over-Purchasing: Providing accurate insights into software needs to avoid buying unnecessary licenses.
  • Negotiating Better Terms: Supplying data that strengthens the organization's position when negotiating with vendors.

By leveraging these capabilities, businesses can achieve significant cost savings and allocate resources more efficiently.

6. Are there risks associated with not using a SAM tool?

Answer:

Yes, not using a SAM tool poses several risks, including:

  • Compliance Issues: Increased likelihood of non-compliance with licensing agreements, leading to legal penalties and fines.
  • Financial Waste: Overspending on unnecessary or redundant software licenses.
  • Security Vulnerabilities: Difficulty tracking unauthorized software, which may introduce security risks.
  • Operational Inefficiencies: Manual tracking of software assets is time-consuming and prone to errors.

Implementing a SAM tool mitigates these risks by providing structured management and oversight of software assets.

7. How do I choose between different SAM tools?

Answer:

To choose the right SAM tool for your business:

  1. Assess Your Needs:

    • Determine whether you need to manage on-premises software, SaaS applications, or both.
    • Identify specific challenges like compliance, cost control, or integration requirements.
  2. Compare Features:

    • Evaluate the key features of each tool against your needs.
    • Consider the scalability and flexibility of the solution.
  3. Consider Ease of Use:

    • Look for intuitive interfaces and user-friendly design.
    • Read user reviews to gauge the learning curve.
  4. Evaluate Costs:

    • Analyze the pricing models, including free versions, subscription fees, and potential hidden costs.
    • Consider the return on investment from cost savings and efficiency gains.
  5. Test the Tool:

    • Take advantage of free trials or demos.
    • Engage stakeholders in testing to ensure it meets various user requirements.

8. What is the best SAM software for mid-market businesses focusing on SaaS spend optimization?

Answer:

CloudEagle is a top choice for mid-market businesses focusing on SaaS spend optimization and procurement. It offers:

  • Comprehensive SaaS Management: Visibility into all SaaS applications and usage.
  • License and Contract Management: Tracking renewals and compliance.
  • Cost Optimization Features: Identifying opportunities to reduce SaaS expenses.
  • Procurement Services: Assisting in vendor negotiations and purchasing processes.

With these features, CloudEagle helps businesses control SaaS spending and streamline procurement effectively.

9. Is it necessary for SAM tools to integrate with other IT systems?

Answer:

Integration with other IT systems is highly beneficial for SAM tools because it:

  • Enhances Data Accuracy: Synchronizes information across platforms, reducing discrepancies.
  • Improves Efficiency: Automates workflows between systems like ITSM, financial software, and IAM.
  • Provides Holistic Insights: Combines data for comprehensive reporting and analysis.
  • Facilitates Compliance: Streamlines processes for regulatory adherence and audit readiness.

While not strictly necessary, integration capabilities significantly enhance the value and effectiveness of a SAM tool.

10. What is the final verdict on the best SAM tools for mid-market businesses in 2025?

Answer:

The best SAM tool for your mid-market business depends on your specific needs:

  • For Customizable IT Solutions: Alloy Navigator is ideal if you require an integrated IT service and asset management platform with extensive customization options.
  • For SaaS Spend Optimization: CloudEagle stands out for businesses aiming to control SaaS expenses and streamline procurement.
  • For Enterprise-Scale Management: ServiceNow Software Asset Management is suitable for organizations needing advanced analytics and comprehensive SAM capabilities at scale.
  • For SaaS Management and Automation: Zluri is perfect for companies seeking to automate SaaS operations and enhance security compliance.

Each of these tools offers unique strengths. By aligning your organization's priorities with the features of these SAM solutions, you can choose a tool that will optimize your software assets, reduce costs, ensure compliance, and support your business growth effectively.

11. How often should a mid-market business conduct software audits using SAM tools?

Answer:

Regular software audits are essential for maintaining compliance and optimizing software assets. Mid-market businesses should:

  • Conduct Continuous Monitoring: Utilize SAM tools to provide ongoing oversight of software usage and compliance.
  • Perform Formal Audits Annually: Schedule comprehensive audits at least once a year to align with financial reporting and budgeting cycles.
  • Audit Before Renewals: Review software assets prior to major license renewals or vendor negotiations.
  • Audit After Significant Changes: Perform audits following mergers, acquisitions, or significant organizational changes that impact software usage.

By integrating audits into regular business processes, organizations can proactively manage their software assets and avoid surprises.

12. Can SAM tools assist with digital transformation initiatives?

Answer:

Absolutely. SAM tools play a vital role in digital transformation by:

  • Supporting Technology Adoption: Identifying software that aligns with strategic digital initiatives.
  • Optimizing Resources: Ensuring efficient allocation of software licenses to support new business models.
  • Facilitating Change Management: Managing the transition from legacy systems to modern platforms.
  • Enhancing Agility: Providing insights that enable quick adjustments to software assets in response to market changes.

By leveraging SAM tools, businesses can navigate digital transformation more effectively, ensuring technology investments drive desired outcomes.

These frequently asked questions aim to address common concerns and provide clarity on Software Asset Management for mid-market businesses. By understanding the importance of SAM, key features to look for in tools, and how to choose the right solution, organizations can make informed decisions that enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and support strategic objectives.

Nehan Mumtaz

Nehan Mumtaz

Nehan Mumtaz, an M.Tech in Computer Science, is a published author in IEEE and leading journals. Her research spans machine learning and distributed systems, bridging theory and application. A mentor and tech enthusiast, she’s passionate about advancing innovation and exploring the future of AI and computing.